Predictive factors for the occurrence of eclampsia in the gynecology-obstetrics department from the Ignace Deen teaching hospital in Conakry.

Abstract

The aim of this work was to identify and analyze the sociodemographic, clinical, biological and neonatal predictive factors of eclampsia in a pre-eclamptic patient.  Methodology: This was a 3-year retrospective cohort study, from May 1, 2021 to April 30, 2024, carried out in the Gynecology-Obstetrics department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital of the Conakry University Hospital, covering cases of severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia admitted to the department during the study period and having undergone biological assessment and agreed to participate in the study.  Results: Bivariate analysis revealed that eclampsia was more likely to develop in preeclamptic patients with the following risk factors: age less than or equal to 17 years (RR: 2.09; CI: 1.46-3.00), being single (RR: 1.88; CI: 1.28-2.75), and belonging to the Soussou ethnic group (RR: 1.46; CI: 1.01-2.11). Clinically, these included blurred vision (RR: 2.50; CI: 1.74-3.57), tinnitus (RR: 2.28; CI: 1.62-3.19), epigastric bar pain (RR: 2.06; CI: 1.45-2.93), right hypochondrium pain (RR: 2.79; CI: 2.22-3.50), nausea and vomiting (RR: 2.06; CI: 1.49-2.84), personal history of eclampsia (RR: 1.81; CI: 1.16-2.82), absence 
of ANC (RR: 2.14; CI: 1.43-3.19) and oliguria (RR: 2.50; CI: 1.92-3.26). Patients with high levels of calcemia (RR: 2.38; CI: 1.79-3,18), magnesémie (RR: 2.05; CI: 1.43-2.83), of creatinemia (RR : 2.33; IC: 1.75-3.09), Uricemia (RR: 2.29; CI: 1.70-3.09), proteinuria ≥3 cross (RR: 3.42; : 2.03-5.77) and of blood group rhesusus A+ (RR: 1.45; CI: 1.01-2.08) were also likely to develop lightning.  Conclusion: This work has highlighted sociodemographic, clinical and biological parameters likely to expose preeclamptic patients to the occurrence of eclamptic crises, the early identification and rapid management of which could improve maternal and perinatal-perinatal prognosis.