Maternel mortality among adolescents at Fousseyni Daou hospital in Kayes over a decade

Abstract

Introduction : teenage pregnancy is a high risk pregnancy. The aim of this study was to study maternal mortality among adolescents in the gynecology and obstetrics department of the Fousseyni Daou hospital in kayes over a period 10 years.
 Materials and methods : it was a descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional, retrospective  study over nine years from january 1, 2008 to Decembre 31, 2017 and prospective over  a 12 month period from january 2, 2018 to Decembre 31, 2018, covering all adolescent girlsadmitted and died during the pregnancy-puerperal period in the gynecology and obstetrics department of the Fousseyni Daou hospital in kayes. The processing and analysis of statistical data was carried out using the SPSS 20.0 software. The exact test of Fischer was used to compare the proportions.
 Results : during our study, we identified a total number of 42366 deliveries, including 8520 teenage deliveries, a frequency of 20,11% and 104 adolescent maternal deaths (1,22%).In our study the 16-17 age group was more represented with 47, 6% ; 78 % of the deceased patients lived in rural areas and 80,8% were  uneducated and 64,4 % of the procreators  were uneducated . In our series 54,8% of the deceased patients had not had ANC, 59,6% were evacuated. Eclampsia represented 48,2% of diagnoses retained at admission, 72, 5% of indications for cesarean section and 50 % of causes nof death. In our study 52,3% of the newborns were alive. Death occurred in 82,7% in the postpartum period. The direct obstetric cause was predominant 66%.
 Conclusion : in our context, adolescent maternal mortality remains high. It is a human tragedy which affects at the individual, family and social levels. Our main causes are those found by most studies African, namely eclampsia, retro placental hematoma, post-perfume hemorrhages, anemia and septicemia. Maternal mortality , far from being inevitable, could be reduced considerably with approaches such as effective EmONSs and maternal death audits. It is therefore a challenge to be taken up.