PRE-ECLAMPSIA-RELATED ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE AT THE TEACHING HOSPITAL OF YOPOUGON: A REVIEW OF 48 CASES

Abstract

Introduction: Acute renal failure is a serious complication of pre-eclampsia, involving long-term renal functional prognosis. Few studies in Africa have examined the renal complications of pre-eclampsia. The objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and outcomes of acute kidney failure (AKI) complicating preeclampsia. Methods: A 12-year retrospective descriptive study in a department of nephrology in Abidjan. Inclusion criterion was an AKI associated to preeclampsia.
Results: 48 cases of AKI with preeclampsia were recorded from 2004 to 2016. The mean age was 30.96 years. The main clinical signs were seizures in 54.4%, oliguria in 70.9% and a proteinuria on dipstick in 50%. Other complications of pre-eclampsia were: HELLP syndrome in 31 cases and eclampsia in 24 cases. Hemodialysis was performed in 7 out of 23 cases. Renal outcome was marked by 43.8% of total renal function recovery, 25% partial recovery, and 31.3% persistence of renal failure at discharge. We noticed
10.4% maternal death and perinatal mortality was 542 ‰. Conclusion: AKI during pre-eclampsia is a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality. The prevention of this complication of pre-eclampsia is a better follow-up of pregnancy.