Eclampsia: management and maternal and perinatal prognosis at the maternity of the labe regional hospital

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives were to calculate the frequency, describe the management and identify the factors associated with the maternal and perinatal prognosis of eclampsia. Methods: This was a retrospective and analytical study lasting 3 years from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022, carried out at the maternity ward of the Labe Regional Hospital. Results: We collected 82 cases of eclampsia out of 5260 deliveries, representing a frequency of 1.55%. The profile found was that of a young woman whose age is between 15-25 years (59.7%), primiparous (70.8%), living in a rural area (57.3%), carrying a full-term pregnancy (51.2%) and which is poorly followed (59.8%). All patients presented with hypertension (100%) with positive proteinuria = 2 (83.0%). More than half of the patients had more than two attacks (56.0%) and the majority of attacks occurred ante partum (62.2%). Magnesium sulfate was used 100% with nicardipine. Caesarean section was performed in 74.3% of cases. Maternal (7.3%) and perinatal (32.9%) fatalities were very high. The factors of poor maternal and perinatal prognosis were young age, primiparity, poor prenatal follow-up (P < 0.001),
diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110 mmhg (P < 0.0001) and gestational age < 37 weeks (P = 0.000). Conclusion: The administration of magnesium sulfate and cesarean section improve maternal and fetal prognosis. Prevention necessarily involves quality prenatal monitoring.