HIV/AIDS screening in parturients admitted to the delivery room at Fousseyni Daou hospital in Kayes

Abstract

Introduction : mother- to – child transmission is one of the main modes of HIV infection. This can be done in utero, perpartum, postpartum and during breastfeeding. The aim of the study was to study HIV  screening in parturients admitted to the delivery room at Fousseyni Daou hospital in kayes.
 Materials and methods : it was a prospective, descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional, study, extending from February 1, 2018 to January 31,2019 ; relating to parturients, recent deliveries not detected by HIV during prenatal consultations or having done sothe test for more than 3 months. Data entry was done on Microsoft word 10 and analysed on Microsoft Excel 10, IBM SPSS 20. The chi2 test was used to compare the proportions. . The links are statistically significant if p < 0,05.
 Results : during our study period we recorded 4269 deliveries. HIV- positive patients known before labor accounted for 0,21%. Four hundred and six parturients received counseling/ testing in the warddelivery, among which 36 refused the test or 8, 87% and 370 accepted or 91,13%. Thirteen patients had the positive test, ie 3,51%. The 20- 35 age group was the most represented with 76,92%. The positive patients received ARV treatment in the delivery room in 92,31% of cases ; and 1 patient, or 7,69%, did not receive treatment for refusal. Vaginal delivery was frequent, ie 77%, cesarean 23%. Newborns had a good prognosis in their first weeks of life in 85% ; fetal lethality was observed in 15% of newborns including 1 case of fresh stillbirth and 1 case of pediatric death due to neonatal distress.  
Conclusion : voluntary counseling and testing are the gateway tothe prevention of mother- to – child transmission of HIV/AIDS ; they constitute the first step in treatment. However, despite the proliferation of health centers in the region of kayes, several pregnant women continue to escape prenatal consultations and HIV/AIDS counseling/ testing. Efforts should be made in this direction : training of staff in PMTCT and counseling / testing for HIV/AIDS in the delivery room ; in order to reduce the prevalence rate of this pandemic.