Analysis of risk factors of the uterine rupture in N'djamena mother and child university hospital center

Abstract

Introduction: Uterine rupture is a non-surgical, complete or incomplete continuity solution of the uterus. This major surgical emergency involves both maternal and fetal prognosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors of uterine rupture in N'Djamena Mother and Child University Hospital Center (UHC).
Patients and Method: This was a prospective and analytical study for eight (08) month from March 22 to st November 21, 2019, on the analysis of risk factors of the uterine rupture in N'Djamena Mother and Child University Hospital Center (UHC). Two parturients groups were formed with same characteristics. The study group consisted of patients with uterine rupture. The second group of controls included the two parturients who followed the case of uterine rupture.
Results: the frequency of uterine rupture was 0.8%. The mean age was 28.2 years ± 2 years. Patients were referred (87.8%),multipare (31.7% versus 51.1%).Cesarean history was reported in the study group in 36.5% of cases (p=0.03). The labour was induced more by misoprostol in the study group than the control group (31.7 versus 2.4; p=0.02). The main etiological factors of uterine rupture were: use of syntocinon (p=0.01), misoprostol (p=0.001), malpresentation (p=0.004), surgical pelvis (p=0.002) and scar uterus (p=0.000). Metrorrhagia was the reason for admission in 97.5%. Hysterography was performed in 90.2% cases. Maternal lethality was 7.3% and fetal lethality in 85.4% cases.
Conclusion: uterine rupture is a common pathology in our regions. It engages the functional and vital maternal prognosis and it is darker for the fetus.